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You can get high pressures from a centrifugal, but it requires higher speeds
of rotation, more stages, and larger impeller diameters - or some combination
of the three.
Using a 3.5 GPM pump to run a 20 gph system is conservative. This is less
than 10 percent recovery and should give good flushing of the membrane.
However, the increased membrane area will result in more salt carry-over than
if the membrane were being run at higher recovery.
Higher temperatures = higher efficiency? Well, higher feed temperatures
will give lower feed pressures for the same recovery, but will also give more
salt carry-over. However, there's a limit. Too much salt in the product
water will be the result of warm feed water and low recovery. System designs
I've been involved with typically use a salinity cell (measures conductivity)
to be sure the product water stays below 500 ppm chloride.
Al Schober
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