Re: sailing vessel types and rigs
Subject: Re: sailing vessel types and rigs
From: Martin Ridsdale (martin.ridsdale@XXX.XXX)
Date: Thu Dec 06 2001 - 17:22:12 EST
My right hand was using Decca and jumped a lane, the right hand was using
GPS and was steady! If I hadn't been using electronic writing then you
wouldn't have been able to read any of it.
----- Original Message -----
From: "Dan Allen" <danallen@XXX.XXX>
To: <NAVIGATION-L@XXX.XXX>
Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 11:20 PM
Subject: Re: [NAV-L] sailing vessel types and rigs
> What does your dictionary list as the definition of a "resykt"?
> (This word used by yourself in the 3rd line of your excellent posting...
:-)
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Navigation Mailing List
> [mailto:NAVIGATION-L@XXX.XXX]On Behalf Of Martin Ridsdale
> Sent: Wednesday, December 05, 2001 12:55 PM
> To: NAVIGATION-L@XXX.XXX
> Subject: Re: sailing vessel types and rigs
>
>
> Re-reading the answer to what a sloop might be I decided to look up a few
of
> the terms mentioned in my copy of the "Universal Dictionary of the Marine"
> which was published in London in 1776. As a resykt I offer this
> contribution to add to the confusion that must surround a subject such as
> this.
>
>
> SLOOP
> A small vessel furnished with on mast, the main-sail of which is attached
to
> a gaff above, to the mast on it's foremost edge, and to a long boom below;
> by which it is occasionally shifted to either quarter. See vessel.
>
>
> SLOOP of WAR
> A name given to the smallest vessels of war, except cutters. They are
> either rigged as ships or as snows. See Command, Horse, and Rate.
>
>
> VESSEL
> A general name given to the different sorts of ship which are navigated on
> the ocean, or in canals and rivers. It is, however, more particularly
> applied to those of the smaller kind, furnished with one or two masts.
>
> It has already been remarked in the article Ship, that the views of
utility,
> which ought always to be considered in a work of this kind, seemed to
limit
> our general account of shipping to those which are most frequently
employed
> in European navigation. We have therefore collected into one point of
view
> that principal of these in plate XII so that the reader, who is
unacquainted
> with marine affairs, may the more easily perceive their distinguishing
> characters, which are also more particularly described under the
respective
> articles.
>
> Thus fig 4 plate XII exhibits a snow under sail; fig 5 represents a ketch
at
> anchor; fig 6 a brig or brigantine; fig 7 a bilander; fig 8 axebec; fig 9
a
> schooner; fig 10 a galliot; fig 11 a dogger; all of which are under sail;
> fig 12 & 13 two gallies, one of which is under sail, and the other rowing;
> and fig 14 a sloop.
>
> The ketch, whose sails are furled, is furnished with a try-sail, like the
> snow; and it has a fore-sail, fore-stay-sail, and jib, nearly similar to
> those of a sloop; but the sails on the main-mast are like those of a ship.
> The main-sail and main-top-sail of the brig are like those of the
schooner;
> and the fore-mast is rigged and equipped with the sails in the same manner
> as the shop and snow. The sails, mast, and yards of the xebec, being
> extremely different from these, are described at large under the article.
> In the schooner both the mainsail and foresail are extended by a boom and
> gaff, as likewise is the sloop's main-sail; the sails of the dogger and
> galliot are sufficiently expressed by the plate; and, finally, the gallies
> are navigated with lateen-sails, which are extremely different from those
of
> the vessels above described.
>
>
> CUTTER
> A small vessel commonly navigated in the channel of England; it is
furnished
> with one mast, and rigged as a sloop. Many of these vessels are used on
an
> illicit trade, and others employed by the government to seize them; the
> latter of which are either under the direction of the Admiralty or
> Custom-house.
>
>
> SCHOONER
> A small vessel with two masts, whose main-sail and fore-Sail are suspended
> from gaffs reaching from the mast towards the stern; and stretched out
below
> by booms, whose formost ends are hooked to an iron which clasps the mast
so
> as to turn therein as upon an axis, when the afterends are swung from one
> side of the vessel to the other.
>
>
> BARK
> A general name given to small ships: it is however peculiarly appropriated
> by seamen to those which carry three masts without a mizzen-top-sail. Our
> northern mariners, who are trained in the coal-trade, apply this
distinction
> to a broad-stearned ship, which carries no ornamental figure on the stem
or
> prow.
>
> BRIG or BRIGANTINE
> A merchant-ship with two masts. This term is not universally confined to
> vessels of a particular construction, or which are masted and rigged in a
> method different from all others. It is a variously applied, by the
> mariners of different European nations, to a peculiar sort of vessel of
> their own marine.
>
> Amongst English seamen, this vessel is distinguished by having her
main-sail
> set nearly in the plane of the keel; whereas the main-sails of larger
ships
> are hung athwart, or at right angles with the ship's length, and fastened
to
> a yard which hangs parallel to the deck: but in a brig, the foremost edge
of
> the main-sail is fastened in different places to hoops which encircle the
> main-mast, and slide up and down it as the sail is hoisted or lowered: it
is
> extended by a gaff above, and by a boom below.
>
>
> BILANDER
> A small merchant-ship with two masts.
>
> The Bilander is particularly distinguished from other vessels of two masts
> by the form of her mainsail, which is a sort of trapizia, the yard thereof
> being hung obliquely on the mast in the plane of the ship's length, and
the
> aftmost of hinder end peeked or raised up to an angle of about 45 degrees,
> and hanging immediately over the stern; while the fore end slopes
downward,
> and comes as far forward as the middle of the ship. To this the sail is
> bent or fastened; and the two lower corners, the foremost of which is call
ed
> the tack, and the aftmost the sheet, are afterwards secured, the former to
a
> ring-bolt in the middle of the ship's length, and the latter to another in
> the taffarel. The main-sails of larger ships are hung across the deck
> instead of along it, being fastened to a yard which hangs at right angles
> with the mast and the keel.
>
> Few vessels, however, are now rigged in this method, which has probably
been
> found more inconvenient than several others. It may not be improper to
> remark, that this name, as well as brigantine, has been variously applied
in
> different parts of Europe to vessels of different sorts
>
>
> DOGGER
> A Dutch fishing-vessel navigated in the German ocean. It is generally
> employed in the herring fishery, being equipped with two masts, viz. a
> main-mast and a mizen-mast, and somewhat resembling a ketch.
>
